Wrench.



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WRENCH.

APPLICATION FILED 056.29. |917.

1 ,274,337. Patented July 30, 1918.

2 SHEETS-SHEET I.

ATTORNEY nu ploum: uns cov, mmm-uma wuumonw, n c.

l. G. SCHWARTZ WRENCH.

APPLICATION H11-:D 112029` 1911.

41 ,274,337. 111111111011 July 30, 1918.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

ATTORNEY 55 INVENToIR JACOB G. SCHWARTZ, OF DAVENPORT, IOWA.

Specification of Letters Patent.

WRENCH.

Patent-.ed July so, 1918.

Application nica necemberze, 1917. serial No. 209,496.

To all lwhom t may concern:

Be it known that I, JACOB Gr. SCHWARTZ, a citizen of the United States, residing at Davenport, in the county of Scott and State of Iowa, have invented new and useful'Improvements in Wrenches, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in ratchet wrenches; it resides in certain novel features of construction and combination of parts, as will be hereinafter described and pointed out in what is claimed.

An object of the invention is to produce a ratchet wrench in which the head is provided with a plurality of movable jaws, designed, when the handle is turned in one direction to move against and contact with the article operated and, when the handle is turned in an opposite direction to release the grip on the object, to permit of the ratchet-- ing of the wrench around the object or removal of the wrench from the object.

A further object of the invention is to produce a ratchet wrench of a comparatively simple construction, in which all of the parts comprising` the same are separatable and interchangeable.

Other objects and advantages will appear as the nature of the invention is better understood, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which-l Figure 1 is a top plan view of the wrench 2 is a side elevation of the same Fig. 3 is a bottom plan view Fig. 4 is a sectional view approximately on the line 4 4 of Fig, 1 l

Fig. 5 is a sectional view approximately on the line 5-5 of Fig. 4

Fig. 6 yis a sectional view approximately on the line 6-6 of Fig. 1

Fig. 7 is a perspective view of the jaw carrying member of the head Fig. 8 i's a perspective view of the collar member of the head, parts being broken away and parts being shown in section Fig. 9 is a perspective view of one of the jaws.

Fig. 10 is a detail sectional view showing the manner in which t e sleeve is connected to the. shoulder in the `ead of the wrench.

The handle for the wrench is indicated by the numeral 1, the same having its inner end enlarged, as at 2, and the outer surface of the said handle portion rounded inwardly, as at 3. To the sides of the widened end 2 ofthe handle 1 are secured the end members 4 of a strap 5, the said end members comprising parallel arms for the rounded outer portion of the strap.

`The head for the wrench is broadly indicated by the numeral 6 and comprises a plurality of members as will hereinafter be set forth. The jaw carrying member of the head 6 is indicated by the numeral 7, the same being round in plan and having at one of its ends peripheral teeth 8. The member 7, inward of the teeth 8 is provided with a cylindrical extension or barrel 9 and the end of the said barrel is formed with an outstanding continuous flange 10. The member 7, at its end provided with the teeth 8 is formed with an annular depression 11, the same terminating in a straight inwardly directed wall or shoulder 1.2, and the said shoulder is centrally provided with a round opening 13 that is arranged centrally of the barrel 9. The wall 12, over the central opening 13 therein is, at equally spaced points provided with right angular openings 14, and is further provided, on the opposite sides of each of the said openings with longitudinally extending grooves 15. The inner wall provided by each of the grooves 15 is beveled as at 16.

The head 6 also includes a collar member 17 of a size to be snugly received over the flange 10 of the barrel 9. Secured in the collar 17, at what may be termed the upper end thereof, are ring segments 18-18, the securing elements for the said segments being removable and the segments 18 provide the collar 17 with an inturned annular flange that is designed to be arranged around the barrel 9 and rest on the flange 10 thereof. The opposite end of the collar 17 is formed with an inturned annular flange 19, the upper surface of which being beveled and provided with teeth 20. It is to be noted that the securing elements 21, for the segments 18 enter from the outer face of the collar 17, so that the collar may be readily arranged upon the barrel 9 of the jaw carrying members 17 and the distance between the segments 18 and the inner surface provided by the tooth portion 8 of the member 7 equals the thickness of the widened portion 2 of the handle and the width of the strap 5, and the said handle and stra are desi ed to be arranged in the sai space. y providing the removable strap 5, it will be noted that the handle 1 may be readily arranged upon the head 6.

Each of the jaws for the head is broadly indicated by the numeral 22. Each of the jaws is of a width equaling the distance between the outer walls of the spaced grooves 15.,.ar41d each of the said jaws is thickened at the longitudinal edges thereof providing tongues 23 that are designed to be received in the grooves 15, and the inner walls 0f the Said tongues l23 are beveled as :at 24, the said beveled or inclined surfaces 2l being designed to engage -wit'h the beveled inner walls 16 of the grooves 1 5. The outer faces .of the jaws 22 are ronnded so that the same, when inactive position, lmay be brought to Contact with the rounded walls provided by the depression 11 in the member 7, Aand the `active faces of the jaws may, if ydesired be concaved, and the said active faces of the jaws are provided with teeth or are otherwise roughened as indicated by the numerals '25. Each '0f the jaws. is .centrally provided with a depending shank 26, said sha-nk -at lits connection with the jaw being centrally provided or reduced with what may be :ter-med web 27, and the web ,of each of the sha1-iks is `adapted to be received in the respectiveopen'ings 14 in the wall 12. The shoulders 28 provided between the web 27 and the shank 2,6 of each of the ja-ws 22 `are designed to be arranged under the inner surface of the wall 12 of the member 7, and the ,shank proper of .each of the jaws is provided with a longitudinal threaded opening 29.

Engaging the threads of the openings 29 in the shanks of the jaws are screws 30, the said screws passing entirely through the Shanks and having on their outer ends beveled pinions 31 which mesh with the teeth 20 on the flange 19 of the collar 17. The opposite ends .0f the screws 30 are reduced and are journaled in suitable openings 32 provided upon a sleeve' 33 arranged in the center of the head 6. The inner end yof the sleeve 33 has formed thereon a plurality of spacedv lugs 34, and these lugs are passed through spaced `openings '35 in the wall 12,

the `.outer ends of the lugs being headedv over the said wall for retaining the sleeve in proper position... Secured to the outer face of the handle 1 at the widened portion 2 thereof is a cap plate ,36. Arranged beneath the top .of the 'cap plate are spaced spring members 37, .each of the said springs `contacting with and .exerting a tension against the inner end or tail portion of a dog 38, .and each of the said dogs is pivoted, as at 89 to the widened portion 2 of the handle l. Each of the dogs is provided with a tooth 40 and with Va handle portion l1 arranged upward of the tooth. It will be apparent that either of the dogs may be swung to bring its tooth to lengage between the teeth 8 of the member 7 of the head 6, and consequently the said head may be turned in either direction when the handle 1 is ope-rated.

If desired, the collar 17 may have its outer face milled so that when the head is ar lthe medium of the beveled pinions 81 revolves the screws 30, forcing the jaws 22 i-nto tighter gripping engagement with the object. The turni-ng of the handle in a reverse direction causes the screws-30 to turn in a reverse or opposite direction, bringing the jaws 22 out of engagement with the object to permit of afresh grip being retained on the object or the removal-of the wrench from the obj ect. The jaws may be brought toward or away 'from the obj-ect bythe turning of the collar as will be readily understood.

The handle is preferably lpermitted a slight .lateral movement on the head 6, and

one of the faces of the sai-d handle may be roughened, as may the inner edge of the collar 17. When the handle is grasped by the operator and is moved laterally on the head so that the referred to roughened surface of the handle frictionallyengages with the referred to roughened surface on the inner edge of the collar 17, .the handle and collar will be connected so that yon turning the handle the collar will be likewise turned and the screws revolved to actuate the'jaws 22. This frictional engagement between the collar and the handle may be found desirable when a comparatively lslight adjustment of the jaws is required, and beforethe dogs 38 are brought to engage vwith the teeth 8 of the member .v v

From the foregoing description, when taken in connection'with the drawings, the simplicity and advantagesvof the 'construetion will, it is thought, be apparent without Vfurther detailed description. v

What l claim is:

1 A wrench includnga head comprising two tubular members each revoluble on and independent of the other, slidable. jaws carried by one of the members, a handle loosely actuated by the second member when the said second member is turned around the first jaw carrying member.

2. A wrench including a head comprising two loosely associated tubular members, one `rcvoluble on the other, slidable jaws carried by one of' the members, a loosely positioned handle between the members and having means for locking the same to either side ot' the jaw carrying member, said handle having a roughened surface designed, when moved toward the second member of the head to irictionally engage therewith without releasing the jaw-carrying member, and

means co-acting between the jaws and the second mentioned member for sliding the jaws when the said second mentioned member is turned on the jaw carrying member.

3. A wrench including a head comprising two tubular members, one of said members having a toothed periphery, a barrel eX- tending therefrom, and an outstanding continuous flange on the end of' the barrel, the

second member designed to be arranged over the flange, removable segments secured in the second member and received around the barrel and resting on the flange, slidable jaws carried by the lirst mentioned member, a handle loosely arranged between the mem bers whereby the same may be moved to frictionally engage with the edge of the second mentioned member, said handle having dogs to engage with the teeth of the jaw carrying member, and means revoluble through the jaws and actuated on the turning of the second mentioned member of the head for sliding the jaws.

4. A wrench including a circular' end comprising two loosely associated members, slidable aws carried by one of the members, a handle loosely arranged between the members and having means engaging with the sides of the jaw carrying member to connect the handle with the said member, and said handle designed to be brought to frictionally engage with the second mentioned member to also revolve said second member, the second mentioned member having its outer edge provided with an inturned toothed flange, the jaws having depending shanks provided with threaded openings, screw members passing through the openings, pinions of the screws engaging with the toothed flange of the second mentioned member of. the head.

5. A wrench including a circular head comprising two loosely associated members, one of said members having an inner wall provided with a central opening, said wall having angular slots and having grooves arranged at the opposite sides of each of the slots, jaw members seated on said wall and having tongues received in the slots and a web passing through each of' the openings, a widened shank formed on the web and having a threaded opening, the second member ol the head having its outer edge provided with an inturned flange the upper surface of which being beveled and provided with teeth, a handle loosely arranged between the members of the head and having means :for connecting the same to the jaw carrying member, and said handle also designed to be brought to frictionally engage with the second mentioned member of the head, screws passing through threaded openings in the shanks of the jaws, and each of Said screws having a beveled pinion engaging with the teeth of the second mentioned member of the head.

6. A wrench including a head and a handle, said head comprising two loosely associated tubular members, one of said members having an inturned wall provided with a central opening, said wall having spaced openings and being provided with slots arranged to the opposite sides of the openings, and the inner walls of the said slots being beveled, jaws resting on the wall, each of said jaws having a central web passing through the respective openings, each of said jaws having tongues received in the grooves and the inner walls of the tongues being beveled, a widened shank formed on the web of each jaw and having a threaded opening, a depending sleeve removably secured to the wall at the center thereof, the handle being loosely positioned between the members of the head and having means for connecting the same to the jaw carrying member of the head, said handle also designed to frictionally engage with the second mentioned member of the head whereby the said second mentioned member may be also connected to the handle, said second mentioned member of the head having its outer edge provided with an inturned toothed fiange, screw members engaging the threaded openings in the Shanks and having bearings in the sleeve, and the opposite end of each of the screws having a pinion meshing with the teeth of the said second mentioned head member.

In testimony whereof l affix my signature.

JACOB G. SCHWARTZ.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for ve cents each, by addressing the "Commissioner of Patente.

Washington, D. C." 

